A protein is a large molecule comprising one or more chains of amino acid residues. Proteins are essential macromolecules that are responsible for most functions in living organisms. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within cells beyond simply being a molecular machine, they also can act as catalysts, biological sensors, etc.
A protein is a large molecule comprising one or more chains of amino acid residues. Proteins are essential macromolecules that are responsible for most functions in living organisms. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within cells beyond simply being a molecular machine, they also can act as catalysts, biological sensors, etc.
A Protein Has a Molecular Mass of 400 Kda.
When you are talking about a protein, you need to know the molecular mass of that protein. This is the weight of the protein in grams. If you know that this is 400 kDa, then you can calculate how many proteins there are in one mole of the protein.
A mole is a unit of measure in chemistry and biochemistry. The weight of a molecule, or how much it weighs, is what determines how many moles it has. For example, one mole of water weighs 18 gm and has 1 mole each of hydrogen molecules and oxygen molecules in it.
One mole of oxygen becomes two moles when you add another atom to it. You can also say that one mole of hydrogen weighs 0.018 gms or 18 mgs or 0.0118 kgs (0.0118 = 18 x 0.0006). So 1 gram of hydrogen would have 6 molecules in it since one molecule weighs 0.018 gms or 18 mgs or 0.0118 kgs (0.0118 = 18 x 0.0006).
That means that if you had 1 gram of hydrogen and added 6 oxygen atoms to it, you would have 2 moles of water, which weighs 36 grams (2 x 18) or 3 moles which
The Protein Is Comprised of Five Separate Subunits, Each with A Molecular Mass of 80 Kda.?
The molecular mass of a protein is determined by the sequence of amino acids in the protein, and the mass of each amino acid is known. Therefore, it is possible to calculate the molecular mass of a protein. For example, if a protein is comprised of 400 kDa (400 x 10-3 g/mol), then it could be composed of five subunits that are 80 kDa (80 x 10-3 g/mol) each. A possible sequence for this protein could be:
Protein 1: Met-Cys-Gly-Ala-Pro-Leu
Protein 2: Cys-Gly-Ala-Pro-Leu
Protein 3: Gly-Ala-Pro-Leu
Protein 4: Ala-Pro-Leu
Protein 5: Pro-Leu
The Five Subunits Are Identical
The Five Subunits Are Identical
The protein has a molecular mass of 400 kDa. The five subunits are identical, with a molecular mass of 80 kDa and a pI of 8.
- The first subunit, which has a pI of 9, is a kinase that phosphorylates an inactive enzyme resulting in the activation of this enzyme.
- The second subunit is the activated enzyme.
- Subunits 3-5 are involved in the regulation of enzyme activity. Subunit 5 interacts with a molecule having a molecular mass of 45 kDa and a pI of 10 and regulates the activity of the enzyme by inhibiting it. This inhibition is relieved by subunit 4, which has the same pI as subunit 2, but is slightly smaller (75 kDa).
- Subunit 3 recognizes molecules with a high affinity for substrate-binding sites in the active site of the enzyme and competes with them for binding to these sites. These molecules havea molecular mass of 40 kDa and a pI between 7 and 8.
What Is the Quaternary Structure of This Protein?
The quaternary structure of a protein refers to the three-dimensional arrangement and aggregation of its subunits. A “subunit” is a protein in its own right, made up of one or more polypeptide chains.
- The primary structure of a subunit is the linear sequence of amino acids in its polypeptide chain.
- The secondary structure of that subunit is the way that chain folds into regular shapes, such as alpha helices and beta sheets.
- Finally, the tertiary structure refers to the way the secondary structures interact with each other to form a compact or globular shape—a fully formed protein molecule.
- When two or more proteins aggregate together, their quaternary structure refers to how they interact with each other and how their individual tertiary structures are affected by this interaction.
- When proteins aggregate together, they may form a homo-oligomer (made up of many copies of the same protein) or a hetero-oligomer (made up of several different types of protein).
- Some proteins can form either type; for example, hemoglobin is made up of four chains: two different kinds that come in pairs, making it a hetero-octamer (eight chains total).
The Sum of the Masses of the Individual Amino Acids That Make Up the Protein Is 200 Kd
A protein’s molecular mass is the sum of the masses of the individual amino acids that make up the protein. Your protein has a molecular mass of 400 kDa, which means that you have 200 kDa in each of your two chains.
The most common amino acid is alanine, so it is likely that some percentage of your chains are made up of alanine. This is especially true if we assume that your chains were synthesized by a translation machine, as these machines tend to synthesize proteins in a manner that mimics the most common amino acids in nature.
How Many Amino Acids Are in This Protein?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Each protein is composed of a long chain of amino acids, and these chains can be anywhere from 50 to several thousand amino acid residues long. But how do we determine how many amino acids there are in a given protein?
The molecular weight of an amino acid is about 110 Daltons (D), and the molecular weight of water (H20) is about 18 D. Therefore, for every amino acid chain there are about 29 water molecules attached: Amino Acid Chain + 28 water molecules = 1 Protein.
If you know the mass or molecular weight of a protein, and you divide that by 110 Daltons, you’ll get the number of amino acids in that protein. For example, if you have a protein with a molecular weight of 40,000 Daltons, dividing that by 110 will give you 364. The answer is 364 amino acids, which would make this particular protein relatively small compared to other proteins.
Last Words
Protein is a vital substance to human health, and they have many different functions in our body. These functions can be conveniently split into two categories: metabolic and structural. This means that it is vital for us to get the protein we need from our diet or from supplements such as protein powders, but it is important for us to know the molecular mass of the protein before exactly which supplement we buy since this will affect its ability to perform certain functions in our body.