Myosin (abbreviated mys) is one of the major protein families in eukaryotic cells. Myosin, along with actin and other proteins, is responsible for muscle contraction.
Myosin molecules are made up of a head containing the motor domain and a long extended tail that acts as a lever arm. There are two types of myosins: heavy chain myosins and light chain myosins. These two types can be further classified based on whether they have a tail that contains a coiled-coil domain: helical myosins or non-helical myosins.
Actin
In a professional tone: Actin is a globular protein that forms microfilaments, the thinnest filaments of the cytoskeleton. The “backbone” of the microfilament is a double-stranded helix made up of two actin proteins twisted together. Actin proteins are bound to each other by lateral associations between adjacent subunits, in which each subunit’s hydrophobic surface interacts with its neighbor’s. Actin proteins also bind to myosin, a motor protein, to form contractile fibers that can generate force on cellular structures. Other proteins involved in this process include tropomyosin and troponin, which regulate the binding and release of myosin.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It contains most of the cell’s genetic material, organized as multiple long linear DNA molecules in complex with a large variety of proteins, such as histones, to form chromosomes. The genes within these chromosomes are the cell’s nuclear genome.
The function of the nucleus is to maintain the integrity of these genes and to control the activities of the cell by regulating gene expression—the nucleus is therefore the control center of the cell.
The main structures making up the nucleus are the nuclear envelope, a double membrane that encloses the entire organelle and isolates its contents from the cellular cytoplasm; and the nuclear matrix, a network within the nucleus that adds mechanical support, much like the cytoskeleton supports the cell as a whole. Because the nuclear envelope is impermeable to large molecules, nuclear pores are required to regulate nuclear transport of molecules across
Myosin
Myosin is a type of protein that makes up a part of the muscle fibers in your body. It’s what allows you to move your muscles, so it’s pretty important! Myosin is very complex and has many different functions, but here are the main things you need to know about it:
-Myosin is a structural protein. This means it helps give shape and support to the muscle fibers in your body.
-Myosin also plays an important role in transporting oxygen throughout your body. It does this by connecting with hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein found in red blood cells).
-Finally, myosin allows for movement within the body by helping with contractions. These contractions are regulated by calcium ions, which are released when myosin binds to actin (another type of protein found in muscle tissue).
Elastin
Elastin is a protein in connective tissue that is elastic and allows many tissues in the body to resume their shape after stretching or contracting. Elastin helps skin to return to its original position when it is poked or pinched. Elastin is composed of amino acids, the building blocks of all proteins, and contains repetitive sequences of the amino acids alanine and valine.
Elastin does not have a regular structure like other connective tissue proteins such as collagen. Instead, elastin fibers consist of cross-linked polymers of tropoelastin arranged randomly in amorphous masses.
Elastin accumulates in tissues throughout development and is present in large amounts in tissues where mechanical forces are transmitted across joints or strained during growth. The elasticity of blood vessels is provided mostly by elastin, which allows them to expand and then return to their normal size. A similar mechanism allows bronchial tubes to carry air back and forth during respiration.
Tropoelastin is a soluble protein, synthesized by fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells as a monomer (about 600 amino acid residues long). Tropoelastin interacts with itself in an irregular fashion, forming large
Cytoplasm
In a professional tone: Cytoplasm is a clear, jelly-like substance that fills the inside of the cell. It’s made up of around 80% water, which helps the cell to absorb nutrients from its surroundings. Cytoplasm also contains enzymes, salts, lipids and proteins—and while it may seem like a confusing mix of ingredients, they work together to make the cell function smoothly.
In fact, the cytoplasm itself is also a part of this process. The fluid creates an osmotic balance within and outside the cell by constantly absorbing and releasing water through the plasma membrane. This process helps to ensure that all of the materials in the cytoplasm are given an equal chance to be used in physiological processes within the cell.
Myosin proteins are composed of two heavy chains, two light chains and two light chains. They work together to create a protein filament that is used in muscle contraction and movement within cells. For example, myosin works with actin during muscle contraction by attaching itself to actin filaments and pulling them toward the center of the sarcomere (the basic unit of muscle tissue). Myosin also plays an important role in transporting cargo throughout the cytoskeleton during intracellular transport
Last Words
Muscle cells are composed of contractile myofibrils. Myofibrils in turn contain protein filaments, which are composed of two types of proteins: myosin and actin. The myosin filaments are thick and the actin filaments are thin. Myosin and actin proteins combine to form sarcomeres, the basic functional unit of muscle contraction