Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins ? The answer is Liver.
Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?
Blood plasma is a straw-colored liquid that contains proteins and salts. It makes up 55% of the blood’s volume and 90% of its total solids. Blood plasma accounts for between 3% and 5% of a person’s total body weight.
The liver secretes most of the plasma proteins, while some are manufactured by the bone marrow and others by the intestines and other organs. The kidneys secrete albumin, which helps maintain blood pressure.
Plasma contains three major types of proteins: albumins, globulins and fibrinogen (fibrin). Globulins include antibodies produced by lymphocytes (white blood cells) that help fight infection by recognizing foreign substances such as bacteria or viruses. Fibrinogen is an important clotting agent that helps seal wounds after an injury occurs.
What is the function of plasma proteins?
The plasma proteins are a group of water-soluble substances that are found in the extracellular compartment of blood. The protein concentration in the plasma is about 7 g/dL or 70 mg per 100 mL. The plasma proteins include albumin, fibrinogen, globulins, and prothrombin.
The primary function of the plasma proteins is to protect and maintain the osmotic pressure of blood plasma by binding water molecules. They also form a layer on the surface of red blood cells and prevent them from sticking together. They also help in distributing hormones throughout the body as well as transport nutrients to different organs such as liver and muscle tissue.
Plasma protein synthesis occurs mainly in liver hepatocytes, bone marrow stromal cells, and fetal liver cells.
List of major plasma proteins and their functions.
Plasma proteins are a group of proteins, mostly globulins, found in the blood plasma. Plasma proteins are synthesized in the liver, and are responsible for many important functions such as transportation of lipids, hormones and vitamins between the blood and the body tissues.
The following is a list of major plasma proteins and their functions:
Albumin
Albumin is one of the most abundant plasma proteins, accounting for approximately half of all plasma protein concentration. It consists of 66% amino acids, 25% glycoproteins, 5% lipids and 2% carbohydrates. It also contains a large number of sulphydryl groups which can bind positively charged ions such as Ca2+ or Zn2+.
It makes up about 60% of total plasma protein in healthy individuals. The levels of albumin are generally constant, but can be raised by liver disease or lowered by malnutrition or dehydration.
Albumin is produced in the liver and found in high concentrations in blood plasma. It is also present as a free-floating protein in extracellular fluids, including saliva, gastric juices, tears and milk (where it makes up 80% of the total proteins). In addition to its role as a transport protein for fatty acids and other hydrophobic molecules, albumin is important for maintaining osmotic pressure within cells and tissues.
Transferrin
Transferrin transports iron from bone marrow to other parts of the body by binding iron with high affinity (Km = 1 nM) so that it cannot be lost by filtration through capillaries or renal tubules.[1] As transferrin has an extremely high affinity for Fe3+, binding sites on transferrin must be occupied before they will bind Fe2+. This means that under normal conditions transferrin will not bind Fe2+ or Fe3+ until there is an excess amount available.
Globulins
Globulins are a group of plasma proteins that carry antibodies, complement and other enzymes. They have a high molecular weight, which means they tend to be bigger than albumins and alpha-globulins. Globulins can also be classified into two types:
Alpha-globulins:
These proteins are produced by the liver and function as transport proteins for lipids or fatty acids. In addition, they can act as carriers for certain hormones like thyroid hormones and sex hormones. Alpha-globulins are secreted in high concentrations during pregnancy.
Beta-globulins:
This type of globulin is made up of two types: IgG and IgA. They’re known as immunoglobulins because they help our bodies fight off infections caused by bacteria, viruses or fungi by triggering an immune response that destroys these foreign cells before they cause damage or disease.
Fibrinogen
Fibrinogen is a blood protein that promotes blood clotting. It is found in the plasma and platelets of the blood.
Fibrinogen is the major component of the fibrin clot, which forms when blood coagulates. Fibrinogen is a glycoprotein, meaning it contains sugars, and is produced by the liver. The liver produces fibrinogen throughout life; levels increase during puberty and pregnancy to make more blood. Levels also increase during inflammation and infection, when the body needs more clotting factors to stop bleeding.
Immunoglobulins
Immune globulins are a group of proteins that are produced by the immune system. They are responsible for fighting off infections by recognizing and disabling foreign antigens (substances that do not belong in the body). Each immunoglobulin has specific binding sites on its surface, enabling it to bind with foreign antigens. Immunoglobulins can be divided into two groups: antibodies and immunoglobulin-related proteins.
Antibodies
Antibodies are large Y-shaped proteins produced by B lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). Antibodies consist of two heavy chains and two light chains. Each chain contains a constant region and a variable region that is unique for each antibody. The variable regions allow antibodies to recognize specific antigens; for example, an antibody against SARS might recognize one part of the virus’ surface while an antibody against influenza might recognize another part.
Last Words
The liver is the most important producer of plasma proteins. It secretes albumin, prothrombin, fibrinogen and other proteins into the blood. The kidney is also a major producer of plasma proteins.
It secretes erythropoietin, rennin and certain hormones such as erythropoietin, rennin and certain hormones such as erythropoietin, rennin and certain hormones such as erythropoietin (EPO), which stimulates red blood cell production in bone marrow. The placenta produces human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), which prevents menstruation during pregnancy.